The following article was translated using both Microsoft Azure Open AI and Google Translation AI.
DIAN DEWI PURNAMASARI
Visitors are trying the Effaclar Spotscan beauty technology or skin health examination with the help of artificial intelligence tools showcased at L’oreal’s booth during the World Congress of Dermatology 2023 event in Singapore on July 3-8, 2023.
JAKARTA, KOMPAS — The Ministry of Communication and Informatics plans to formulate a policy on ethics related to the development of artificial intelligence innovation. Adoption and innovation of artificial intelligence in Indonesia is thriving like in other countries. However, there are concerns that the policy will potentially limit innovation.
Expert Staff for Technology of the Ministry of Communication and Informatics (Kemenkominfo) Mochamad Hadiyana, during the IBM Think Experience and Tech Summit Jakarta 2023 activities, Thursday (10/8/2023), at Jakarta, said that it plans to formulate a policy related to the ethics of artificial intelligence development. So far the policy format is still being reviewed by the legal team, but a proposal emerged in the form of a presidential regulation.
The substance of the policy will be taken from international standards. For example, the Recommendation on The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence from the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in Paris, November 9-24, 2021. The essence of the UNESCO recommendation is that artificial intelligence must function for the benefit of humanity and the environment. The recommendation also contains 10 basic principles, including proportionality, safety and security, and transparency.
Read also: Humans and the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Previously, the government had a number of regulations which touched on artificial intelligence. For example, Regulation of the Minister of Communication and Informatics Number 3 of 2021 concerning Business Activity Standards and Product Standards in the Implementation of Risk-Based Company Licensing. In this regulation, artificial intelligence-based programming activities include consulting followed by analysis and programming that utilize artificial intelligence technology, including matters that are still related, such as machine learning, natural language processing, and expert systems. The Ministry of Communication and Informatics will carry out a conformity assessment and supervision.
Another example of regulations is Regulation of the Minister of Communication and Information No. 5 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Private Electronic Systems and its Amendments, and Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions.
According to a survey by Ipsos, a marketing consulting firm based in Paris, Indonesia is the most optimistic country about artificial intelligence as it considers that this technology will bring more benefits than drawbacks. Ipsos survey was conducted on 22,816 respondents in 31 countries on May 26th – June 9th, 2023.
Every company, such as IBM, also has internal policies regarding the development of artificial intelligence-based product innovations.
According to Hadiyana, there are a number of potential issues that arise during the development of artificial intelligence-based product innovation. The breakthrough capabilities possessed by this technology have the potential to negatively impact human life. “That’s why it needs to be anticipated. The development of artificial intelligence innovation from programming must be ethical,” he said.
Read also: Regulating Artificial Intelligence
Overseas, the regulation of artificial intelligence has become a hot topic in recent months. In the United States, there were announcements of voluntary artificial intelligence commitments by seven technology companies. Meanwhile, the European parliament, the European Union’s main legislative branch, has passed a bill known as the AI Act, which would put new limits on what is considered the riskiest use of technology. As for China, the draft rules launched in April 2023 require creators of chatbotsto comply with the country’s strict censorship rules. The Chinese government is also taking more control over how artificial intelligence makers use data.
From the industry players’ point of view, President Director of IBM Indonesia Roy Kosasih confirmed that many countries are discussing how to regulate artificial intelligence. However, every company, like IBM, also has internal policies regarding the development of artificial intelligence-based product innovations. For example, IBM’s artificial intelligence platform Watsonx has models to ensure accuracy and prevent the creation of false information. In addition, existing security and automation features allow data scientists and developers to use regulated company data.
KOMPAS/RIZA FATHONI
Technicians from PT Akebono Brake Astra Indonesia in the Kelapa Gading area, North Jakarta examined a crack detection device on brake lining products, Wednesday (1/2/2023). The tool is the result of collaborative research between the UGM Vocational School, ATMI Surakarta Polytechnic and PT Akebono Brake Astra Indonesia through funding from the LPDP Vocational Applied Scientific Research Program. The brake lining crack detection system is based on artificial intelligence (AI) using the acoustic recognition method. This tool is able to detect brake pad damage in less than 8 seconds.
Proper ethics for the development of artificial intelligence innovations should be returned to the respective government or company. Ethical criteria are certainly determined by a government of a country,” said Roy.
The Executive Director of the Institute for Community Studies and Advocacy (Elsam) Wahyudi Djafar, when contacted separately, was of the opinion that when discussing the ethics of using and developing artificial intelligence innovations, the government should not make it directly in a regulatory format. Because, this (regulation) will risk limiting innovation.
The government should not immediately make it in the form of regulations. This is because regulations will risk limiting innovation.
Talking about ethics means talking about guidelines for behavior. Therefore, the ethics of using and developing artificial intelligence innovations should be in the form of a voluntary principle (voluntary principal). Voluntary principal can be a general reference for the creation of code of conduct per sector that will utilize and develop artificial intelligence innovations.
“We encourage the creation of a multi-stakeholder forum that gives birth to voluntary principals artificial intelligence. It contains the principles of non-discrimination, inclusiveness, transparency, protection of personal data and cybersecurity. The principle of personal data protection can refer to regulations that have been set by the government,” said Wahyudi.
Meanwhile, a lecturer at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Sunu Wibirama, argues that one of the important ethical issues in the development of artificial intelligence innovations is data. Data used to train artificial intelligence must be legal. The owner of the data must also be notified before the data is used or informed consent.
“The use of artificial intelligence in critical sectors must still require a human evaluator,” said Sunu.
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